Cacti 是一款功能强大的开源、基于 Web 的网络监控和绘图工具，设计为开源、行业标准数据记录工具 RRDtool 的前端应用程序。Cacti 利用 RRDtool 的数据存储和图形功能的强大功能，提供快速轮询器、高级图形模板、多种数据采集方法和开箱即用的用户管理功能 。所有这些都包含在一个直观、易于使用的界面中，这对于局域网大小的安装以及具有数百个设备的复杂网络都很有意义。
在 AlmaLinux 上安装 Cacti 9
步骤 1。在安装任何新软件之前，最好先更新系统。使用以下命令更新 AlmaLinux 系统：
<span class="pln">sudo dnf clean all sudo dnf update</span>
第2步。安装 Apache 和 PHP。
首先，我们需要安装 Apache Web 服务器和 PHP。打开终端并键入以下命令：
<span class="pln">sudo dnf install httpd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mysqlnd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">cli php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">gd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ldap php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">odbc php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">pdo php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">pear php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">xml php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">xmlrpc php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mbstring php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">snmp</span>
安装完成后，使用以下命令启动并启用 Apache 服务：
<span class="pln">sudo systemctl start httpd sudo systemctl enable httpd</span>
第 3 步。安装 MySQL
接下来，通过执行以下命令安装 MySQL 数据库服务器：
<span class="pln">sudo dnf install mysql</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server</span>
使用以下命令启动并启用 MySQL 服务：
<span class="pln">sudo systemctl start mysqld sudo systemctl enable mysqld</span>
安装 MySQL 后，通过运行以下命令来保护安装：
<span class="pln">sudo mysql_secure_installation</span>
按照提示设置 root 密码并删除任何不安全的默认设置。
然后，为 Cacti 创建一个 MySQL 数据库和用户：
<span class="pln">sudo mysql </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">u root </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">p</span>
输入以下命令以创建数据库、用户并授予必要的权限：
<span class="pln">CREATE DATABASE cacti</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> CREATE USER </span><span class="str">'cactiuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pln"> IDENTIFIED BY </span><span class="str">'your_password'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cacti</span><span class="pun">.*</span><span class="pln"> TO </span><span class="str">'cactiuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> FLUSH PRIVILEGES</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> EXIT</span><span class="pun">;</span>
将your_password替换为强而唯一的密码。
第 4 步。在 AlmaLinux 上安装 Cacti 8.
现在，让我们从官方网站下载最新版本的仙人掌：
<span class="pln">cd </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">tmp wget https</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="com">//www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-latest.tar.gz</span>
将下载的 tarball 解压到 Apache Web 服务器的文档根目录：
<span class="pln">sudo tar xzf cacti</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">latest</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">tar</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">gz </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">C </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln"> sudo mv </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span><span class="pun">-*</span> <span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span>
第 5 步。配置 Cacti。
通过导入仙人掌来配置 Cacti 数据库。SQL格式 文件：
<span class="pln">sudo mysql </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">u cactiuser </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">p cacti </span><span class="pun"><</span> <span class="str">/var/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">sql</span>
编辑 Cacti 配置文件以指定数据库凭据：
<span class="pln">sudo nano </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">include</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">config</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">php</span>
使用适当的值更新 $database_* 变量：
<span class="pln">$database_type </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'mysql'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_default </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'cacti'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_hostname </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_username </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'cactiuser'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_password </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'your_password'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_port </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'3306'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> $database_ssl </span><span class="pun">=</span> <span class="kwd">false</span><span class="pun">;</span>
在 Cacti 的目录上设置适当的权限：
<span class="pln">sudo chown </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">R apache</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln">apache </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti sudo chmod </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">R </span><span class="lit">755</span> <span class="pun">/</span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">www</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">html</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">cacti</span>
在 /etc/crontab 文件中添加一行 以调度 Cacti 的轮询过程：
<span class="pln">echo </span><span class="str">"*/5 * * * * apache /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1"</span> <span class="pun">|</span><span class="pln"> sudo tee </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">a </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">crontab</span>
第 6 步。通过 Web UI 完成 Cacti 安装。
最后，通过在 Web 浏览器中导航到 http：//your_server_ip/cacti 来访问 Cacti 安装程序 。按照屏幕上的提示完成安装过程，确保所有安装前检查都成功通过。
感谢您使用本教程在您的 AlmaLinux 9 系统上安装 Cacti。如需更多帮助或有用信息，我们建议您查看仙人掌官方网站。
