如何在Rocky Linux 9上安装Zabbix

Zabbix是一个著名的开源监控解决方案，在维护网络基础设施的健康和性能方面发挥着关键作用。

在 Rocky Linux 9 上安装 Zabbix

第 1 步。第一步是将系统更新到最新版本的软件包列表。为此，请运行以下命令：

<span class="pln">sudo dnf update
sudo dnf upgrade</span>

第 2 步。安装依赖项。

首先安装Zabbix所需的依赖项：

<span class="pln">sudo dnf install epel</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">release
sudo dnf install httpd wget mariadb</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server mariadb php php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">common php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mysqlnd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">gd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">xml php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mbstring php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">bcmath php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">json php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ldap php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">pear php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">xmlrpc php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ldap php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">net</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ldap2 php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">gd php</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">gettext </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">y</span>

现在，启动并启用 Apache 和 MariaDB 服务：

<span class="pln">sudo systemctl start httpd mariadb
sudo systemctl enable httpd mariadb</span>

第 3 步。为 Zabbix 配置 MariaDB。

在创建Zabbix数据库之前，保护MariaDB安装至关重要。运行以下命令，为 MariaDB 根用户设置安全密码：

<span class="pln">sudo mysql_secure_installation</span>

接下来，创建Zabbix数据库和用户：

<span class="pln">sudo mysql </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">u root </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">p</span>

出现提示时，输入 MariaDB 根密码。进入MariaDB shell后，为Zabbix创建一个数据库和一个专用用户：

<span class="typ">MariaDB</span> <span class="pun">[(</span><span class="pln">none</span><span class="pun">)]></span><span class="pln"> CREATE DATABASE zabbixdb character </span><span class="kwd">set</span><span class="pln"> utf8 collate utf8_bin</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="typ">MariaDB</span> <span class="pun">[(</span><span class="pln">none</span><span class="pun">)]></span><span class="pln"> CREATE USER </span><span class="str">'zabbixuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pln"> IDENTIFIED BY </span><span class="str">'your-strong-password'</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="typ">MariaDB</span> <span class="pun">[(</span><span class="pln">none</span><span class="pun">)]></span><span class="pln"> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON zabbixdb</span><span class="pun">.*</span><span class="pln"> TO </span><span class="str">'zabbixuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="typ">MariaDB</span> <span class="pun">[(</span><span class="pln">none</span><span class="pun">)]></span><span class="pln"> FLUSH PRIVILEGES</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="typ">MariaDB</span> <span class="pun">[(</span><span class="pln">none</span><span class="pun">)]></span><span class="pln"> EXIT</span><span class="pun">;</span>

第 4 步。在 Rocky Linux 9 上安装 Zabbix。

要安装Zabbix，你需要添加官方的Zabbix存储库。方法如下：

<span class="pln">sudo rpm </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Uvh</span><span class="pln"> https</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="com">//repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.5/rocky/9/x86_64/zabbix-release-6.5-2.el9.noarch.rpm</span>

现在，是时候安装Zabbix服务器，前端和代理包了：

<span class="pln">sudo dnf install zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mysql zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">web</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mysql zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">agent</span>

第5步。数据库初始化。

将Zabbix的初始数据库模式导入到新创建的：zabbixdb

<span class="pln">sudo zcat </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">usr</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">share</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">doc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mysql</span><span class="pun">*/</span><span class="pln">create</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">sql</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">gz </span><span class="pun">|</span><span class="pln"> mysql </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">u zabbixuser </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">p zabbixdb</span>

第 6 步。配置Zabbix服务器。

编辑Zabbix服务器配置文件以指定数据库连接详细信息：

<span class="pln">sudo nano </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">zabbix</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">zabbix_server</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf</span>

找到以下行并相应地修改它们：

<span class="typ">DBHost</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">localhost
</span><span class="typ">DBName</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">zabbixdb
</span><span class="typ">DBUser</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">zabbixuser
</span><span class="typ">DBPassword</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">your</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">strong</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">password</span>

步骤 7.配置Zabbix前端。

现在编辑Zabbix前端配置文件：

<span class="pln">sudo nano </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">zabbix</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">web</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">zabbix</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">php</span>

查找并修改以下行：

<span class="pln">$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'TYPE'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'MYSQL'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'SERVER'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'PORT'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'0'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'DATABASE'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'zabbixdb'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'USER'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'zabbixuser'</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">
$DB</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="str">'PASSWORD'</span><span class="pun">]</span> <span class="pun">=</span> <span class="str">'your-strong-password'</span><span class="pun">;</span>

最后，通过运行以下命令，对Zabbix服务器进行访问，使其能够在启动时自动启动：

<span class="pln">sudo systemctl start zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">agent
sudo systemctl enable zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server zabbix</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">agent</span>

第8步。访问Zabbix Web界面。

成功安装后，打开您的 Web 浏览器并导航到您的 Rocky Linux 服务器的 IP 地址或主机名，后跟（例如，）。您将看到Zabbix登录页面。/zabbixhttp://your_server_ip/zabbix

使用以下默认凭据登录：