MySQL是一种流行的开源关系数据库管理系统，是许多Web应用程序和服务的基本组件。请记住继续探索MySQL的广泛功能和特性，以最大限度地发挥其在项目中的潜力。
在 Debian 12 书虫上安装 MySQL
第 1 步。在我们安装任何软件之前，通过在终端中运行以下命令来确保您的系统是最新的非常重要：apt
<span class="pln">sudo apt update sudo apt install apt</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">transport</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">https lsb</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">release ca</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">certificates curl dirmngr gnupg</span>
此命令将刷新存储库，允许您安装最新版本的软件包。
首先，通过添加 MySQL APT 配置文件来启用 MySQL 存储库。在终端中，执行以下命令下载并安装软件包：
<span class="pln">sudo apt install </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">y lsb</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">release wget wget https</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="com">//dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.18-1_all.deb</span><span class="pln"> sudo dpkg </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">i mysql</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">apt</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">config_0</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">8.18</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">1</span><span class="pln">_all</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">deb</span>
在安装过程中，系统将提示您选择要安装的MySQL版本。选择所需的版本，然后选择“确定”继续。
启用 MySQL 存储库后，通过运行以下命令更新包列表并安装 MySQL 服务器和客户端包：
<span class="pln">sudo apt update sudo apt install mysql</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">server mysql</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">client</span>
在安装过程中，系统将提示您为 MySQL 设置根密码。选择一个强密码并记住它以备将来使用。
第 3 步。配置 MySQL。
安装 MySQL 后，正确配置它以获得最佳性能和安全性至关重要。
A. 保护 MySQL 安装
保护您的 MySQL 安装对于保护您的数据免受未经授权的访问至关重要。要保护安装，请按照以下步骤在终端中执行以下命令以运行MySQL安全安装脚本：
<span class="pln">sudo mysql_secure_installation</span>
像这样配置它
<span class="pun">-</span> <span class="typ">Set</span><span class="pln"> root password</span><span class="pun">?</span> <span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">Y</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">n</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln"> y </span><span class="pun">-</span> <span class="typ">Remove</span><span class="pln"> anonymous users</span><span class="pun">?</span> <span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">Y</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">n</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln"> y </span><span class="pun">-</span> <span class="typ">Disallow</span><span class="pln"> root login remotely</span><span class="pun">?</span> <span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">Y</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">n</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln"> y </span><span class="pun">-</span> <span class="typ">Remove</span><span class="pln"> test database </span><span class="kwd">and</span><span class="pln"> access to it</span><span class="pun">?</span> <span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">Y</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">n</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln"> y </span><span class="pun">-</span> <span class="typ">Reload</span><span class="pln"> privilege tables now</span><span class="pun">?</span> <span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">Y</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">n</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="pln"> y</span>
一旦安装和配置完成，验证 MySQL 是否在您的 Debian 12 Bookworm 系统上正常运行至关重要。要检查 MySQL 服务的状态，请执行以下命令：
<span class="pln">sudo systemctl status mysql</span>
B. 调整 MySQL 配置
要优化 MySQL 性能并适应特定用例的要求，您可以调整 MySQL 配置设置。现在在具有root权限的文本编辑器中打开MySQL配置文件：
<span class="pln">sudo nano </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">etc</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">mysql</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">mysql</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">conf</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">d</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">mysqld</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">cnf</span>
第 4 步。创建数据库和用户的示例。
为了演示 MySQL 的功能，让我们使用命令行界面创建一个示例数据库和用户。现在打开一个终端并输入以下命令以访问 MySQL 命令行界面：
<span class="pln">mysql </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">u root </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">p</span>
要创建新数据库，请在 MySQL 命令行界面中执行以下命令：
<span class="pln">CREATE DATABASE mydatabase</span><span class="pun">;</span>
要创建具有特定权限的新 MySQL 用户，请使用以下命令：
<span class="pln">CREATE USER </span><span class="str">'myuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pln"> IDENTIFIED BY </span><span class="str">'your-strong-password'</span><span class="pun">;</span>
要授予新创建的用户对数据库的所有权限，请执行以下命令：
<span class="pln">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mydatabase</span><span class="pun">.*</span><span class="pln"> TO </span><span class="str">'myuser'</span><span class="pun">@</span><span class="str">'localhost'</span><span class="pun">;</span>
感谢您使用本教程在 Debian 11 书虫上安装最新版本的 MySQL 数据库。有关其他帮助或有用信息，我们建议您查看MySQL官方网站。
